Thailand PGT CMS

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  • Thailand PGT IVF Clinic Shortlist for International Patients: A Transparent Comparison

    If you are an international patient considering PGT (preimplantation genetic testing) in Thailand, building a shortlist of clinics is a practical first step. This guide offers a transparent, criteria-based comparison of selected PGT-capable providers in Bangkok. It is not a ranking by success rates or clinical outcomes. Instead, it helps you organise your research, ask better questions, and request written confirmation of the details that matter to you. Always confirm current services, laboratory arrangements, pricing, and eligibility directly with each clinic.

    At a glance

    • What this is: An editorial shortlist of PGT-capable clinics in Thailand, ordered for comparison purposes only.
    • What this is not: A success-rate ranking, a medical recommendation, or a guarantee of treatment access.
    • Key criteria: PGT services, laboratory pathway, accreditation, international patient support, location, and pricing transparency.
    • Your next step: Use the comparison table and question list to request written details from each clinic you are considering.

    How we built this shortlist

    We selected providers from our published hospital library that have documented PGT-related services or a clear fertility focus. The order below is an editorial comparison, not a clinical outcome ranking. DHC appears first because it is a hospital partner of Thailand PGT; this relationship is disclosed in the partner disclosure field and does not imply that DHC is clinically superior or universally recommended. Other providers are listed alphabetically or by relevance to the shortlisting criteria. We have not included clinics that lack sufficient public information about PGT or fertility laboratory services.

    Comparison of PGT-capable clinics in Thailand

    Request omitted details directly. Prices and success rates are not comparable across clinics without identical case definitions and inclusion criteria.

    Provider Location PGT services listed Laboratory / accreditation notes International patient notes Price reference (if listed)
    Deep & Harmonicare IVF Center (DHC) Rama 9 area, Bangkok (2483 Phetchaburi Rd, Khwaeng Bang Kapi, Khet Huai Khwang) PGT, IVF, ICSI, embryo culture, egg freezing, embryo freezing, embryo transfer Holds JCI, ISO 9001, RTAC, CAP and UK NEQAS certifications or quality credentials; materials list Embryoscope+, Geri incubators, IVF Witness, IMSI and MACS Dedicated fertility center; ask about international patient support June 2026 reference price for basic single-cycle medical package: THB 490,000; final costs vary
    Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center Huai Hwang, Bangkok (5th Floor, D Building, Bangkok Hospital Headquarter) PGT-A, IVF, ICSI, egg and embryo freezing, semen analysis, gynaecologic surgery support In-house embryology laboratory; reproductive endocrinologists and embryologists; multidisciplinary care Fly-in packages available; international patient services likely Fly-in packages reviewed July 2026: THB 335,000 from stimulation through embryo transfer; THB 456,000 with PGT and freezing for two embryos; valid to 31 December 2026; terms apply
    Jetanin Hospital Pathum Wan, Bangkok PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR using NGS and Sanger sequencing; IVF/ICSI, IUI, IMSI, PESA/TESE, egg and embryo freezing, blastocyst culture, EmbryoScope, sperm testing, genetic carrier screening In-house embryo, genetics, and sperm laboratories; states first IVF centre in Southeast Asia accredited by both JCI and RTAC; ISO 15189 and ISO 15190 laboratory standards; annual quality-control audits Specialist fertility hospital; team includes counsellors; ask about international patient support Request a written quotation.
    MedPark IVF Fertility and Genetics Center Khlong Toei, Bangkok PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR; IVF/ICSI, IUI, egg, sperm and embryo freezing, recurrent miscarriage evaluation, fertility preservation ESHRE-certified embryologists, time-lapse incubation, AI-assisted embryo assessment Located within MedPark Hospital; ask about international patient support Official page listed IVF/ICSI package at THB 280,000 when reviewed; validity, medication, PGT, freezing, storage, transfer and exclusions require written confirmation
    Superior A.R.T. Thailand Ratchathewi, Bangkok IVF, ICSI, PGT pathways Specialist assisted-reproduction and genetics center; established 2007; assisted-reproduction laboratories Ask about international patient support Request a written quotation.
    Prime Fertility Clinic Pearl Bangkok, Bangkok IVF, ICSI, embryo freezing, assisted hatching; confirm whether PGT is available JCI Ambulatory Care accreditation described in listing International-patient care described in listing Request a written quotation.
    Bumrungrad International Hospital Central Bangkok IVF, ICSI, reproductive medicine; confirm whether PGT is available Large multidisciplinary hospital; integrated setting may interest patients needing other specialties International patient services likely; confirm fertility team and laboratory details Request a written quotation.

    Note: This table is for orientation only. It does not rank clinics by quality or outcomes. Always confirm current services, laboratory arrangements, and pricing directly with each provider.

    Key criteria for shortlisting a PGT clinic

    When you contact clinics, use consistent criteria so you can compare fairly. Here are the main areas to explore.

    1. PGT services and laboratory pathway

    Ask which PGT types the clinic offers (PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR) and whether testing is performed in-house or sent to an external genetics laboratory. In-house laboratories may offer more control over timelines, but external partnerships can also be reputable. Confirm the testing method (e.g., NGS, Sanger sequencing) and how results are reported. For DHC, ask which PGT categories and testing methods are available. Jetanin’s genetics laboratory describes PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR using NGS and Sanger sequencing. MedPark lists PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR. Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center lists PGT-A. Superior A.R.T. emphasises PGT pathways; ask which test categories it offers.

    2. Laboratory accreditation and quality credentials

    Accreditation can indicate adherence to certain standards, but it is not a guarantee of outcomes. DHC holds JCI, ISO 9001, RTAC, CAP, and UK NEQAS certifications or quality credentials. Jetanin states it was the first IVF centre in Southeast Asia accredited by both JCI and RTAC, and its facilities page describes ISO 15189 and ISO 15190 laboratory standards. MedPark describes ESHRE-certified embryologists. Prime Fertility Clinic’s listing describes JCI Ambulatory Care accreditation. For other clinics, request current accreditation details directly.

    3. International patient support

    Ask about language support, visa assistance, remote consultation options, and coordination of travel and accommodation. Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center offers fly-in packages, which may include some coordination. DHC is a dedicated fertility center; ask about its international patient support. Jetanin’s team includes counsellors, which may help international patients. Bumrungrad International Hospital is a large multidisciplinary hospital with integrated services that may suit patients needing other specialties. For all clinics, confirm the specific support available for your situation.

    4. Location and logistics

    Consider proximity to your accommodation, transport links, and the availability of other services. DHC is in the Rama 9 area. Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center is in Huai Hwang. Jetanin is in Pathum Wan. MedPark is in Khlong Toei. Superior A.R.T. is in Ratchathewi. Prime Fertility Clinic is at Pearl Bangkok. Bumrungrad is in central Bangkok. Think about how many visits you may need and whether the location fits your travel plans.

    5. Pricing transparency and inclusions

    Request a written quotation that itemises medical fees, medication, PGT testing, freezing, storage, and any administrative charges. DHC’s June 2026 reference price for the basic single-cycle medical package is THB 490,000; final costs vary by medication, testing, storage, procedures, and travel. Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center’s fly-in packages reviewed in July 2026 list THB 335,000 from stimulation through embryo transfer and THB 456,000 with PGT and freezing for two embryos, valid to 31 December 2026, with terms and exclusions. MedPark’s official page listed an IVF/ICSI package at THB 280,000 when reviewed; validity and inclusions require written confirmation. For other clinics, request a detailed quotation.

    Questions to ask each clinic

    Use these questions to gather comparable information. Keep a record of responses.

    • Which PGT types do you offer (PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR), and what testing method do you use?
    • Is PGT performed in-house or sent to an external laboratory? If external, which laboratory?
    • What accreditations does your laboratory hold, and what is the scope of those certificates?
    • Who will be my treating doctor, and what are their credentials and experience with PGT?
    • What is the complete cost estimate, including medication, PGT, freezing, storage, and follow-up?
    • What support do you provide for international patients (language, visa, travel, accommodation)?
    • What are the inclusion and exclusion criteria for your packages?
    • How do you define and report success rates, and for which patient groups?
    • What is the process for remote consultation and monitoring before travel?
    • What happens if I need additional cycles or procedures?

    Step-by-step shortlisting process

    1. Define your priorities: Decide what matters most to you (e.g., PGT subtype, laboratory accreditation, cost, location, international support).
    2. Gather information: Use the table above and contact clinics directly with the question list.
    3. Compare responses: Create a simple spreadsheet to track answers and identify gaps.
    4. Verify details: Ask for written confirmation of services, laboratory arrangements, and costs.
    5. Consult remotely: Schedule video consultations with your top choices to discuss your case.
    6. Check logistics: Confirm travel, accommodation, and appointment scheduling.
    7. Make an informed decision: Choose the clinic that best fits your needs and provides clear, written information.

    Next steps

    Start by requesting written details from the clinics on your shortlist. Use the questions above to ensure you receive comparable information. Remember that this guide is for orientation only and does not replace personalised medical advice. For more information, see our hospital directory and hospital rankings pages. You can also review our partner disclosure policy.

    Frequently asked questions

    What is PGT and why might I need it?

    PGT (preimplantation genetic testing) is a laboratory procedure used during IVF to examine embryos for certain genetic conditions before transfer. It includes PGT-A (aneuploidy screening), PGT-M (monogenic disorders), and PGT-SR (structural rearrangements). Whether PGT is appropriate for you depends on your medical history and should be discussed with a qualified fertility specialist. This article does not provide medical advice or determine eligibility.

    How do I verify a clinic's PGT laboratory accreditation?

    Ask the clinic directly for the specific accreditations held by their laboratory, the scope of those certificates, and the date of the most recent audit. You can also check accreditation bodies' websites where available. Do not rely solely on marketing materials. Request any missing accreditation details in writing.

    Are the prices listed in this article final?

    No. Prices shown are reference points and may change. They often exclude medication, additional testing, storage, travel, and other fees. Always request a written quotation that itemises all potential costs and states what is included and excluded. Final costs vary by individual treatment plan.

    Can you recommend the best clinic for my situation?

    We cannot recommend a specific clinic or guarantee outcomes. This shortlist is an editorial comparison to help you ask better questions and make an informed decision. Your choice should be based on your medical needs, priorities, and direct consultations with clinics. Always confirm details directly with providers.

    What should I do if a clinic's website does not list PGT services?

    Contact the clinic directly to ask whether they offer PGT and, if so, which types and through what laboratory pathway. Some clinics may provide PGT through external partners. If they cannot confirm PGT services in writing, you may want to consider other providers on your shortlist.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • Embryo Storage Agreements in Thailand: What International Patients Should Check Before Signing

    Before you sign an embryo storage agreement in Thailand, treat it as a long-term commitment rather than a formality. The contract should clearly state how long your embryos will be stored, how and when fees are paid, what happens if you do not renew, how you can change your instructions, and how the clinic will contact you. Because storage rules, fees and legal requirements can change, ask the clinic for a full English translation and written confirmation of every point you rely on. This guide lists the clauses and questions to review so you can make an informed decision with your own advisers.

    At a glance

    • Ask for a complete English translation of the agreement before signing.
    • Check the storage duration, renewal process and what happens if you do not renew.
    • Confirm all fees, what they cover, and how price changes are handled.
    • Review disposition instructions and how to change them later.
    • Agree how the clinic will contact you and how you will confirm instructions.
    • Keep copies of every signed document and written confirmation.

    Why the storage agreement matters

    An embryo storage agreement, sometimes called a cryostorage agreement, sets out the practical and legal terms for keeping your embryos at a clinic or laboratory. For international patients, the main risks are unclear duration, unexpected fees, missed renewal deadlines and instructions that are hard to change from abroad. A careful review before signing helps you avoid surprises later.

    Clauses to review before signing

    Use the list below as a starting point. The exact wording will vary between clinics, so ask for clarification on anything you do not understand.

    1. Parties and identification

    • Confirm the full legal names of the clinic or storage facility and of every patient named in the agreement.
    • Check that your identity details and contact information are correct.
    • Ask who is authorised to give instructions if there is more than one patient.

    2. Storage duration and start date

    • Find the exact start date and the initial storage period.
    • Ask whether the period renews automatically or must be renewed actively.
    • Confirm what happens at the end of the period if you take no action.

    3. Fees and payment

    • Ask for a clear breakdown of storage fees, administrative fees and any charges for renewal, transfer or disposal.
    • Confirm the currency, payment methods and whether bank charges are included.
    • Ask how and when you will be told about future price changes.
    • Check whether refunds are possible and under what conditions.

    4. Renewal and non-renewal

    • Ask how renewal reminders are sent and how far in advance.
    • Confirm the grace period, if any, before embryos are considered abandoned.
    • Ask what the clinic will do if it cannot reach you.

    5. Disposition instructions

    • Review the options the clinic offers, such as continued storage, transfer, donation or disposal.
    • Check whether you can change your instructions later and what process you must follow.
    • Ask what happens to your embryos if you die or become unable to give instructions.

    6. Consent and communication preferences

    • Confirm how the clinic will contact you and how quickly you are expected to respond.
    • Ask whether instructions must be given in writing and whether they need to be notarised or translated.
    • Check whether you can nominate another person to receive communications.

    7. Transfer, transport and laboratory arrangements

    • Ask whether embryos can be moved to another clinic or country and what that involves.
    • Confirm who is responsible for transport, insurance and any related costs.
    • Ask what happens if the storage facility changes or closes.

    8. Liability, disputes and governing law

    • Ask which law governs the agreement and where disputes would be handled.
    • Check what the clinic says about liability for loss, damage or storage failure.
    • Ask whether the agreement limits your rights in any way.

    Questions to ask the clinic

    1. Can you provide a complete English translation of the agreement and any related consent forms?
    2. What is the exact storage period, and how will I be reminded to renew?
    3. What are all the fees, and how will I be told about changes?
    4. What happens if I do not renew on time?
    5. How can I change my disposition instructions from abroad?
    6. Who will contact me, and how should I confirm instructions?
    7. What happens if the clinic changes its storage arrangements?
    8. Which law applies, and how are disputes handled?

    Documents and confirmations to request

    • A full English translation of the storage agreement and consent forms.
    • A written summary of fees and renewal dates.
    • Written confirmation of how to change instructions.
    • Contact details for the person or team responsible for storage.
    • Copies of everything you sign, including dates.

    Practical preparation steps

    1. Read the agreement at least twice, once for the main terms and once for the details.
    2. Highlight every clause about duration, fees, renewal and disposition.
    3. Write down your questions and send them to the clinic in writing.
    4. Ask for answers in writing so you have a record.
    5. Consider whether you need independent legal or financial advice in your home country.
    6. Keep a folder with the agreement, translations, receipts and correspondence.
    7. Set your own reminder before any renewal deadline.

    Common pitfalls to avoid

    • Signing a document you cannot read in a language you understand.
    • Assuming storage renews automatically.
    • Overlooking administrative or transfer fees.
    • Leaving disposition instructions blank or unclear.
    • Relying on verbal promises instead of written confirmation.

    Next steps

    Use this checklist to prepare your questions, then ask the clinic for written answers before you sign. If you need help organising your documents or planning your next steps, you can review our embryo storage cost guide, explore patient resources, or contact us with your questions. You can also check our FAQ for general information.

    Frequently asked questions

    Do I need a lawyer to review an embryo storage agreement in Thailand?

    This guide does not provide legal advice. Many patients review the agreement with the clinic first and then decide whether independent legal advice in their home country would be helpful. If you are unsure about your rights or obligations, consider consulting a qualified professional.

    Can I change my embryo disposition instructions after signing?

    Many agreements allow changes, but the process varies. Ask the clinic how to update your instructions, whether changes must be in writing, and whether any translation or notarisation is required. Get the process confirmed in writing before you rely on it.

    What happens if I forget to renew my storage?

    This depends on the agreement. Some contracts include a grace period, while others may treat embryos as abandoned after a set time. Ask the clinic to explain the renewal reminders, grace period and consequences of non-renewal in writing.

    Will the clinic provide an English translation of the contract?

    You can ask. Many clinics provide translated documents or can explain the terms in English. If a translation is not available, ask for a written English summary of the key terms and keep it with your records.

    Are storage fees fixed for the whole storage period?

    Not necessarily. Fees and price-change policies vary between clinics. Ask for a full fee schedule and how you will be notified of any future changes. Get this confirmed in writing.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • Embryo Storage Fees in Thailand: Renewal and Release Questions for International Patients

    If you have embryos stored at a clinic in Thailand, the practical questions tend to arrive all at once: when is the next payment due, what happens if you miss it, how do you renew from another country, and what is involved in moving embryos elsewhere? This guide explains the categories of cost you are likely to see, the administrative steps that usually sit behind a storage agreement, and the questions worth asking in writing before you renew, release, or transport. It does not quote prices, because storage fees vary by clinic, by how many embryos are stored, and by the services included. Treat any figure you receive as a quote to verify, not a fixed rule.

    At a glance

    • Storage fees are usually one part of a wider cryopreservation cost picture, alongside initial freezing, annual or periodic renewal, and any handling or administrative charges.
    • Renewal is normally tied to a storage agreement or consent form you signed, so the terms in that document matter more than a general expectation.
    • Release and transport involve both the storing clinic and the receiving clinic or transport provider, and each may have its own requirements.
    • Ask for written confirmation of fees, renewal dates, notice periods, and what happens if a payment is late.
    • Ownership and legal questions are jurisdiction-specific; ask the clinic and, where needed, a qualified legal professional rather than relying on general information.

    What “embryo storage fees” usually includes

    When a clinic quotes a storage fee, it is helpful to separate the components. Clinics structure this differently, so the same words can mean different things. Common categories include:

    • Initial cryopreservation: the process of freezing and preparing embryos for storage, which is often charged separately from ongoing storage.
    • Periodic storage renewal: a fee for keeping embryos in liquid nitrogen for a defined period, often annual but sometimes offered in multi-year blocks.
    • Administrative or handling fees: charges for processing a renewal, updating consent, preparing documentation, or releasing samples.
    • Release and transport coordination: costs linked to packing, documentation, courier arrangements, or dry-shipper logistics if embryos are moved.
    • Optional add-ons: some clinics offer additional services such as extended reporting or storage insurance, which may or may not be relevant to you.

    Because these categories are not standardized, a lower headline storage fee does not automatically mean a lower total cost. Ask for a written breakdown that shows what is included in the renewal fee and what would be charged separately.

    How renewal usually works

    Most storage arrangements are governed by a consent or storage agreement you signed when embryos were frozen. That document typically sets out the storage period, the renewal process, and what the clinic may do if renewal does not happen. The exact terms vary, so the reliable source is your own paperwork, not a general assumption.

    In practice, renewal tends to follow a sequence like this:

    1. Notice: the clinic contacts you before the storage period ends, often by email, to confirm whether you wish to continue.
    2. Decision: you confirm continuation, release, or another option allowed under your agreement.
    3. Payment: you pay the renewal fee through the clinic’s accepted method, which may include international transfer or card payment.
    4. Confirmation: the clinic issues a receipt or updated storage confirmation for the next period.

    If you are living outside Thailand, the practical risk is missing a notice because of email filters, a changed address, or a language barrier. It is reasonable to ask the clinic how they contact international patients and whether you can set a reminder before the renewal date.

    Questions to ask before you renew

    These questions are designed to surface the terms that affect cost and continuity. Ask for answers in writing where possible.

    • What period does the renewal fee cover, and when is the next payment due?
    • What exactly is included in the renewal fee, and what would be charged separately?
    • How will I be notified before the renewal date, and through which channel?
    • What happens if payment is late or missed, according to my storage agreement?
    • Can I renew for more than one period at a time, and is there any difference in cost?
    • What are my options if I decide not to continue storage?
    • Who is the point of contact for storage administration, and what are their working hours?
    • Are there any changes to the agreement or fees that I should be aware of before renewing?

    Release: what international patients should plan for

    Release means the clinic prepares your embryos to leave its storage. This is an administrative and logistical process, and it usually involves more than a single request. The exact steps depend on your agreement and the clinic’s internal procedures, but the following categories are common.

    Identity and consent

    Clinics generally need to confirm that the person requesting release is authorized to do so. This may involve identity documents, a signed release form, and, in some cases, notarized or witnessed consent. Requirements differ, so ask the clinic for a written list rather than assuming a standard set.

    Receiving clinic or transport provider

    If embryos are moving to another clinic, the receiving facility usually needs to confirm it can accept them and provide its own documentation. The two clinics may need to communicate directly. Ask who is responsible for that coordination and what information the receiving clinic must supply.

    Timing

    Release is rarely instant. Preparation, documentation, and transport scheduling can take time, and timelines vary. Ask for an estimated sequence rather than a single date, and build in buffer if you are planning around a treatment cycle.

    Costs at release

    Release may trigger separate charges, such as handling, documentation, or preparation for transport. Ask for these in writing before you commit, and clarify whether any outstanding storage balance must be settled first.

    Transport and cryopreservation logistics

    Moving embryos internationally involves specialized shipping, usually in a dry shipper that maintains temperature for a defined period. The details are technical and regulated, and they are typically handled by the clinics and a specialist courier. As a patient, your role is usually to confirm arrangements and paperwork rather than to manage the shipping itself.

    Useful questions include:

    • Who arranges the courier, and who is the point of contact if there is a delay?
    • What documentation travels with the embryos, and who prepares it?
    • What happens if the shipment is delayed or refused at the destination?
    • Are there any destination-country requirements I should confirm before shipping?

    Import rules and clinic acceptance policies vary by country. Confirm requirements with the receiving clinic and, where relevant, the appropriate authority in the destination country. This guide cannot determine those requirements for you.

    Comparing quotes: a consistent checklist

    When you compare storage quotes, whether from your current clinic or another provider, use the same criteria for each. A simple table can help you keep the comparison fair.

    Item to compare What to confirm
    Storage period What length of time the fee covers
    Included services What is covered and what is charged separately
    Renewal notice How and when you will be contacted
    Late or missed payment What the agreement says will happen
    Release fees Any handling, documentation, or preparation charges
    Transport coordination Who arranges it and what is included
    Communication Language, channel, and response times for international patients

    Do not fill this table with assumed figures. Ask each clinic to complete it in writing, then compare like with like.

    Practical next steps

    1. Find your storage agreement or consent form and read the renewal and release clauses.
    2. Note the next renewal date and set your own reminder ahead of it.
    3. Request a written fee breakdown and a written summary of release requirements.
    4. Confirm how the clinic contacts international patients and update your contact details.
    5. If you are considering transport, contact the receiving clinic early to understand its requirements.
    6. Keep copies of all correspondence and receipts in one place.

    For broader context on costs and planning, see our guides to embryo storage cost in Thailand and IVF cost in Thailand. You can also explore patient resources or contact us if you have questions about your situation.

    Frequently asked questions

    How often do I need to renew embryo storage in Thailand?

    Renewal periods are set by your storage agreement, not by a single national rule. Many clinics use annual or multi-year periods, but the only reliable source is the document you signed. Check the renewal date and notice terms in your agreement, and ask the clinic to confirm the next due date in writing.

    What happens if I miss a storage payment?

    The consequences depend on the terms of your storage agreement. Some agreements include a grace period, while others set out specific steps if renewal does not happen. Ask your clinic to explain, in writing, what their process is and what options you would have. This guide cannot tell you what your specific agreement says.

    Can I arrange release of my embryos from another country?

    Many clinics allow international patients to request release remotely, but the process usually involves identity verification, signed consent, and coordination with a receiving clinic or transport provider. Requirements vary, so ask your clinic for a written list of steps and documents before you begin.

    Are storage fees in Thailand fixed, or can they change?

    Storage fees are set by each clinic and can change over time. Your agreement may describe how fee changes are communicated. Ask for the current fee schedule in writing and confirm whether any changes apply to your next renewal period.

    Who owns the embryos, and can I move them anywhere?

    Ownership and transfer questions are governed by your agreement and by the laws that apply in the relevant jurisdictions. This guide cannot give legal conclusions. Ask your clinic about its release policy and, for legal questions, consult a qualified professional familiar with the relevant rules.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT Clinic Selection in Thailand: A Transparent Comparison Framework for International Patients

    Choosing a PGT clinic in Thailand involves more than comparing prices or success rates. For international patients, the decision hinges on transparent communication, a clear genetics laboratory pathway, a detailed written quotation, and reliable support before, during, and after treatment. This guide provides a structured comparison framework to help you shortlist providers based on verifiable information and the questions you should ask directly. It is an editorial comparison, not a ranking of clinical outcomes or a recommendation of one clinic over another.

    At a Glance: Key Comparison Criteria

    • Communication: Responsiveness, language support, and clarity of written information.
    • Genetics laboratory pathway: Whether PGT is performed in-house or sent to an external lab, and which PGT types are offered.
    • Written quotation: Itemised inclusions, exclusions, and validity period.
    • International patient support: Visa assistance, travel coordination, and remote follow-up.
    • Accreditation and quality credentials: Relevant certifications and their scope.
    • Location and logistics: Proximity to accommodation, airports, and other medical services.

    Why a Framework Matters for PGT Clinic Selection

    PGT (preimplantation genetic testing) adds a laboratory step to the IVF process. The clinic you choose must coordinate embryo culture, biopsy, genetic analysis, and transfer. For international patients, the complexity increases because you are managing distance, language, and legal or logistical requirements. A transparent framework helps you compare clinics on the factors you can verify, rather than relying on marketing claims or incomplete information.

    How to Compare PGT Providers in Thailand

    Use the following criteria to evaluate each clinic. Request written answers and keep a record for your own comparison.

    1. Communication and Responsiveness

    Ask how quickly the clinic typically responds to emails or messages, whether they have English-speaking coordinators, and if they provide written summaries after consultations. Clear communication reduces misunderstandings about treatment plans and costs.

    2. Genetics Laboratory Pathway

    PGT involves analysing a few cells from an embryo. Some clinics perform this in an in-house genetics laboratory; others send samples to an external lab. Ask:

    • Is the genetics laboratory on-site or external?
    • Which PGT types are available (PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR)?
    • What technology is used (e.g., NGS, Sanger sequencing)?
    • How long do results take?
    • What is the clinic’s policy on embryo storage and shipping if needed?

    3. Written Quotation and Cost Transparency

    Request an itemised quotation that lists all included services, medications, laboratory fees, and any potential extra costs. Confirm what is not included, such as travel, accommodation, or additional cycles. Check the validity period of the quote and whether prices are subject to change.

    4. International Patient Support

    Ask about support with visa letters, airport transfers, accommodation recommendations, and interpretation services. Also clarify how follow-up care is handled after you return home, including sharing of medical records with your local doctor.

    5. Accreditation and Quality Credentials

    Accreditations such as JCI, ISO, RTAC, CAP, or UK NEQAS can indicate adherence to certain quality standards. Ask for the current certificate scope and which parts of the clinic’s services are covered. Note that accreditation does not guarantee individual outcomes.

    6. Location and Logistics

    Consider the clinic’s location in Bangkok, proximity to public transport, and access to other medical facilities if you have concurrent health needs. A central location may simplify travel between appointments.

    Editorial Comparison of Selected PGT Providers in Thailand

    The following providers are listed in an editorial order that places DHC first, followed by other clinics in this comparison. This order is not a ranking of success rates, clinical quality, or outcomes. It is intended to help you structure your own comparison. Always confirm current details directly with each clinic.

    1. Deep & Harmonicare IVF Center (DHC)

    DHC is a dedicated fertility center in Bangkok’s Rama 9 area, located at 2483 Phetchaburi Rd, Khwaeng Bang Kapi, Khet Huai Khwang, Bangkok. It provides IVF, ICSI, embryo culture, PGT, egg freezing, embryo freezing, and embryo transfer services. DHC holds JCI, ISO 9001, RTAC, CAP, and UK NEQAS certifications or quality credentials. Its 2026 hospital profile reports a 78% average embryo-transfer success rate for 2025, approximately 80%; this is not an individual prediction or guarantee. A June 2026 reference price for the basic single-cycle medical package is THB 490,000; final costs vary by medication, testing, storage, procedures, and travel. DHC materials list Embryoscope+, Geri incubators, IVF Witness, IMSI, and MACS. Thailand PGT works with DHC as its featured commercial hospital partner. For international patients, DHC offers PGT as part of its services; confirm communication channels, quotation details, and support services directly.

    2. Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center

    Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center is based on the 5th Floor of D Building at Bangkok Hospital Headquarter in Huai Khwang, Bangkok. The official center page describes reproductive endocrinologists, embryologists, an in-house embryology laboratory, male-factor testing, and multidisciplinary care. Published services include IVF, ICSI, PGT-A, egg and embryo freezing, semen analysis, and gynaecologic surgery support. The official fly-in packages reviewed in July 2026 list THB 335,000 from stimulation through embryo transfer and THB 456,000 with PGT and freezing for two embryos, stated as valid to 31 December 2026. Hospital terms and exclusions apply. International patients should confirm current package details, PGT laboratory pathway, and support services directly.

    3. Jetanin Hospital

    Jetanin Hospital is a specialist fertility hospital in central Bangkok founded in December 1995. Its official history describes more than 30 years of fertility care and a team spanning reproductive physicians, embryologists, molecular geneticists, laboratory staff, nurses, and counsellors. Published services include IVF/ICSI, IUI, IMSI, PESA/TESE, egg and embryo freezing, blastocyst culture, EmbryoScope, sperm testing, and genetic carrier screening. Jetanin’s genetics laboratory describes PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR using NGS and Sanger sequencing. Its embryo, genetics, and sperm laboratories are presented as in-house services. Jetanin states that it became the first IVF centre in Southeast Asia accredited by both JCI and RTAC. Its facilities page also describes ISO 15189 and ISO 15190 laboratory standards and annual quality-control audits. Patients should confirm the current certificate scope, named treating doctor, case-specific laboratory pathway, and complete written quotation.

    4. MedPark IVF Fertility and Genetics Center

    MedPark IVF Fertility and Genetics Center is located within MedPark Hospital in Khlong Toei, Bangkok. Its official center page describes reproductive medicine, urology, infertility nursing, and embryology support. Published services include IVF/ICSI, IUI, egg, sperm, and embryo freezing, PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR, recurrent miscarriage evaluation, and fertility preservation. MedPark describes ESHRE-certified embryologists, time-lapse incubation, and AI-assisted embryo assessment. The official page listed an IVF/ICSI package at THB 280,000 when reviewed; validity, medication, PGT, freezing, storage, transfer, and exclusions require written confirmation. International patients should ask about PGT laboratory arrangements and support services.

    5. Superior A.R.T. Thailand

    Superior A.R.T. is a specialist assisted-reproduction and genetics center in Bangkok, established in 2007 according to its official website. It provides fertility and genetic services through assisted-reproduction laboratories. Published materials emphasize IVF, ICSI, and PGT pathways. Patients should confirm the treating doctor, current laboratory plan, PGT method, written package boundary, and age-specific outcome definitions directly.

    6. Prime Fertility Clinic

    Prime Fertility Clinic is located at Pearl Bangkok in Bangkok. The referenced provider listing describes IVF, ICSI, embryo freezing, assisted hatching, and international-patient care. The listing names Dr. Poonkiat Punyamitr and reports 19 years of experience and more than 900 fertility procedures. The listing describes JCI Ambulatory Care accreditation. Current services, inclusions, and pricing should be confirmed in a written quotation. Ask about PGT availability and laboratory pathway.

    7. Bumrungrad International Hospital

    Bumrungrad International Hospital is a large multidisciplinary hospital in central Bangkok. The referenced provider listing describes IVF, ICSI, and reproductive medicine services. The listing names Dr. Phattaraphum Phophong and describes training in reproductive medicine and prenatal genetics. Its integrated setting may interest patients who need access to other medical specialties. Current fertility-team, laboratory, PGT, and price details should be confirmed directly.

    Comparison Table: Key Factors to Confirm

    Request omitted details directly from the clinic. This table is not a ranking of quality or outcomes.

    Provider PGT Services Listed Genetics Laboratory Pathway Accreditation / Quality Credentials International Support (to confirm) Price Reference (if listed)
    DHC PGT Not specified in library; confirm directly JCI, ISO 9001, RTAC, CAP, UK NEQAS Confirm directly THB 490,000 basic single-cycle package (June 2026 reference)
    Bangkok Hospital Fertility Center PGT-A In-house embryology laboratory; PGT pathway to confirm Not listed in library; confirm directly Fly-in packages available; confirm support details THB 335,000 (stimulation to transfer); THB 456,000 with PGT and freezing for two embryos (valid to 31 Dec 2026)
    Jetanin Hospital PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR In-house genetics laboratory; NGS and Sanger sequencing JCI, RTAC, ISO 15189, ISO 15190 Confirm directly Not listed in library; confirm directly
    MedPark IVF Fertility and Genetics Center PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR Not specified in library; confirm directly ESHRE-certified embryologists (not an accreditation) Confirm directly THB 280,000 IVF/ICSI package (when reviewed; confirm inclusions)
    Superior A.R.T. Thailand PGT pathways emphasized Assisted-reproduction laboratories; confirm PGT method Not listed in library; confirm directly Confirm directly Not listed in library; confirm directly
    Prime Fertility Clinic Not specified in library; confirm directly Not specified in library; confirm directly JCI Ambulatory Care International-patient care described Not listed in library; confirm directly
    Bumrungrad International Hospital Not specified in library; confirm directly Not specified in library; confirm directly Not listed in library; confirm directly Confirm directly Not listed in library; confirm directly

    Questions to Ask Each Clinic

    Use these questions to gather consistent information from every provider you contact:

    1. Do you offer PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR? Which do you recommend for my situation?
    2. Is the genetics testing performed in your laboratory or sent to an external facility?
    3. What technology do you use for genetic analysis (e.g., NGS, Sanger sequencing)?
    4. Can you provide a written, itemised quotation that includes all medical and laboratory fees, medications, and potential extra costs?
    5. What is the validity period of the quotation, and what might cause the price to change?
    6. What support do you offer for international patients (visa letters, accommodation, interpretation, follow-up)?
    7. Which accreditations does your clinic hold, and what is the scope of each?
    8. Who will be my treating doctor, and what are their credentials?
    9. How do you handle embryo storage and shipping if needed?
    10. What is your policy on sharing medical records with my doctor at home?

    Next Steps for Your Shortlist

    1. Review the comparison table and identify 2–3 clinics that align with your priorities.
    2. Contact each clinic with the questions above and request written responses.
    3. Compare the quotations side by side, noting inclusions, exclusions, and validity.
    4. Ask for a video consultation to discuss your case and clarify any remaining uncertainties.
    5. Check the clinic’s accreditation status directly with the issuing body if needed.
    6. Consider practical factors such as travel time, accommodation, and language support.
    7. Make your decision based on the totality of information, not on a single factor such as price or a reported success rate.

    For more information, see our hospital directory and hospital rankings pages. You can also read our partner disclosure.

    Frequently asked questions

    How do I compare PGT clinics in Thailand if I can't visit in person?

    Start by requesting written information from each clinic, including their PGT laboratory pathway, itemised quotation, and international patient support services. Use video consultations to ask follow-up questions and clarify details. Compare the responses side by side using a consistent framework, such as the one in this article. Always confirm current details directly with the clinic.

    What should be included in a written quotation for PGT in Thailand?

    A transparent quotation should list all medical and laboratory fees, medications, embryo freezing and storage, PGT testing, and any administrative charges. It should also state what is not included, such as travel, accommodation, or additional cycles, and provide a validity period. Ask for itemisation and clarification of any potential extra costs.

    Does a clinic's success rate tell me my chances of having a baby?

    No. Success rates are population-level statistics and cannot predict your individual outcome. They may be calculated differently across clinics, and factors such as age, diagnosis, and treatment protocol affect results. Use success rates only as one small part of your comparison, and ask how each clinic defines and calculates its figures.

    What accreditations should I look for in a PGT clinic in Thailand?

    Accreditations such as JCI, ISO, RTAC, CAP, and UK NEQAS indicate that a clinic or laboratory has met certain quality standards. However, the scope of each accreditation varies. Ask which parts of the clinic’s services are covered and confirm the current certificate status directly with the issuing organisation if needed.

    Can I get PGT in Thailand if I don't speak Thai?

    Many clinics in Thailand that serve international patients offer English-speaking coordinators or interpretation services. Ask each clinic about language support, including whether written materials and consultations are available in English. Confirm how communication will be handled throughout your treatment.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT Report Interpretation in Thailand: A Plain-English Checklist for International Patients

    If you have received a PGT report from a clinic in Thailand, you may be looking at a document filled with abbreviations, laboratory terms, and result categories. This checklist is designed to help you locate the main sections of your report, understand what each part generally describes, and prepare questions for your clinic. It does not interpret your individual results. Only your treating clinic can explain what your specific report means for your care.

    At a glance

    • PGT reports typically include embryo identifiers, test type, result categories, and limitations.
    • PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR are different tests with different purposes.
    • Results are reported in categories, not as guarantees of pregnancy or live birth.
    • Ask your clinic to explain any term or result you do not understand.
    • Keep a copy of your report and any accompanying consent or counselling notes.

    What a PGT report is and is not

    A PGT report is a laboratory document that summarises the results of preimplantation genetic testing on embryos created through IVF. It is not a diagnosis of your health, a guarantee of pregnancy, or a prediction of your child’s future health. The report describes what the laboratory observed in the sample it tested, within the limits of the technology used. Your clinic uses this information alongside other clinical factors when discussing possible next steps.

    Checklist: sections to locate in your report

    Use this checklist as a guide when reading your report. The exact layout varies by laboratory and clinic, so some sections may have different names or be combined.

    1. Patient and clinic identifiers

    • Your name or a unique patient identifier.
    • The name of the clinic or laboratory that issued the report.
    • The date the report was issued and, if shown, the date the sample was received.
    • A report or accession number that the clinic can use to locate your file.

    Check that these details match your own records. If anything looks incorrect, contact your clinic before drawing conclusions from the report.

    2. Embryo identification

    • A unique embryo ID or code for each embryo tested.
    • The developmental stage or day of biopsy, if stated.
    • Whether the sample was taken from a day-3 embryo, a blastocyst, or another stage.

    Embryo IDs are important because they link each result to a specific embryo. If your report lists several embryos, make sure you can match each result to the correct ID. Ask your clinic if the numbering is not clear.

    3. Test type

    • The specific PGT test performed: PGT-A, PGT-M, PGT-SR, or another term.
    • The technology or method used, if described (for example, next-generation sequencing or array comparative genomic hybridisation).
    • The scope of the test: what it was designed to look for and what it does not cover.

    PGT-A looks at chromosome number; PGT-M looks for a specific inherited condition; PGT-SR looks at structural chromosome rearrangements. The test type determines how to read the result categories. If your report does not clearly state the test type, ask your clinic to confirm it.

    4. Result category for each embryo

    • A result term for each embryo, such as euploid, aneuploid, mosaic, affected, unaffected, carrier, or inconclusive.
    • Any numerical or graphical data that supports the category.
    • Whether the result is considered reportable or not reportable by the laboratory.

    Result categories are not the same across all tests. For example, a PGT-A report may use terms like euploid, aneuploid, or mosaic, while a PGT-M report may describe whether an embryo is affected, unaffected, or a carrier for a specific condition. Do not assume that a term from one test means the same thing in another. Ask your clinic to explain the exact meaning of each category in your report.

    5. Limitations and caveats

    • Statements about the limits of the test, such as the possibility of false results or inconclusive outcomes.
    • Notes about mosaicism, technical limitations, or the amount of DNA available.
    • Any recommendation for confirmatory testing or genetic counselling.

    Limitations are a normal part of a PGT report. They remind readers that no test is perfect and that results should be interpreted in context. If your report includes a limitations section, read it carefully and ask your clinic what it means for your specific situation.

    6. Laboratory and clinician details

    • The name of the laboratory that performed the test.
    • The name of the clinician or genetic counsellor who reviewed the report, if listed.
    • Contact information for follow-up questions.

    These details help you direct your questions to the right person. If your report does not include a contact, ask your clinic who to speak with about the results.

    Understanding PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR in plain English

    PGT-A (preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy) checks the number of chromosomes in an embryo. PGT-M (preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic disorders) looks for a specific inherited condition caused by a change in a single gene. PGT-SR (preimplantation genetic testing for structural rearrangements) looks for chromosome structural changes that may affect embryo development. Each test has a different purpose and different result categories. None of them can guarantee a successful pregnancy or a healthy child. Your clinic can explain which test is relevant to your situation and why.

    Questions to ask your clinic about your report

    • Which test was performed on each embryo, and what does the result category mean for that test?
    • Are there any embryos with inconclusive or mosaic results, and what do those terms mean in my case?
    • What are the limitations of this test for my embryos?
    • How should this report be used in decisions about which embryo to transfer, if any?
    • Do you recommend genetic counselling or additional testing before we proceed?
    • Can you provide a written explanation of the result categories used in my report?
    • Who should I contact if I have more questions after I leave the clinic?

    Next-step checklist for international patients

    • Request a copy of your full PGT report, including any appendices or limitations sections.
    • Ask your clinic for a plain-language explanation of each result category in your report.
    • Write down your questions before your follow-up appointment.
    • Confirm whether a genetic counsellor is available and how to schedule a session.
    • Keep your report and any related correspondence in a safe place for future reference.
    • If you are considering a second opinion, ask your clinic how to share your report with another provider.

    What this checklist does not do

    This checklist helps you locate and understand the structure of a PGT report. It does not interpret your individual results, tell you whether to transfer a particular embryo, or predict your chances of pregnancy. Those decisions belong with your treating clinic and, where appropriate, a genetic counsellor. If any part of your report is unclear, ask your clinic for clarification before making decisions.

    For more general information about PGT in Thailand, see our PGT in Thailand guide. International patients can also review information for international patients and browse our guides. If you have a specific question, our FAQ section may help.

    Frequently asked questions

    What does 'mosaic' mean on a PGT-A report?

    Mosaic generally means that the laboratory found a mix of cells with different chromosome numbers in the sample. The significance of a mosaic result can vary, and it is best discussed with your clinic or a genetic counsellor. They can explain what the term means in the context of your specific report and how it may affect decision-making.

    Can I get a PGT report explained in English if I don't speak Thai?

    Many clinics in Thailand that serve international patients provide reports and consultations in English. However, this is not guaranteed at every clinic. Ask your clinic in advance whether your report will be available in English and whether an English-speaking clinician or genetic counsellor can discuss the results with you.

    Does a 'normal' PGT-A result guarantee a healthy baby?

    No. PGT-A looks at chromosome number in the cells sampled, but it cannot guarantee a successful pregnancy, a live birth, or a child without health conditions. Other factors, including maternal age, uterine health, and chance, also play a role. Your clinic can explain the limitations of the test in your situation.

    What should I do if my report has an 'inconclusive' result?

    An inconclusive result means the laboratory could not obtain a clear answer for that embryo. This can happen for technical reasons. Ask your clinic what the inconclusive result means for that embryo and whether any further testing or follow-up is possible.

    Can I share my PGT report with a doctor in my home country?

    Yes, you can usually request a copy of your report to share with another healthcare provider. Ask your clinic how to obtain a copy and whether they can provide it in a format that is easy to share. The receiving doctor can help you understand the report in the context of your overall health.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • Mosaic Embryo Results in Thailand: Questions to Ask Before Deciding Next Steps

    If you have received a mosaic PGT result from a clinic in Thailand, you are likely facing a decision that feels urgent but is rarely straightforward. A mosaic result means the laboratory detected a mix of cells with different chromosomal patterns in the same embryo biopsy. It is a laboratory category, not a diagnosis of a specific health outcome. The meaning depends on the type of PGT performed, how the result was reported, and what your clinic can explain about its own thresholds and follow-up options. This guide helps you prepare questions so you can have a more informed conversation with your treating team.

    At a glance

    • A mosaic result is a laboratory finding, not a guarantee of any particular pregnancy or child health outcome.
    • Different clinics may use different reporting categories and thresholds for calling a result mosaic.
    • PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR are different tests with different purposes; a mosaic finding is most commonly discussed in the context of PGT-A.
    • Your next steps depend on your full clinical picture, the specific embryo, and your clinic’s protocols.
    • You are allowed to ask for clarification, a second review, or more time before deciding.

    What “mosaic” means in a PGT report

    Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) involves testing a small sample of cells from an embryo. PGT-A looks at chromosome number, PGT-M looks for a specific inherited condition, and PGT-SR looks at structural chromosome rearrangements. A mosaic result usually comes from PGT-A and means the laboratory saw evidence of more than one chromosomal pattern in the sampled cells.

    Mosaicism can be full or partial, and it can involve different chromosomes. Some laboratories report a percentage or a range, while others use descriptive categories such as low-level or high-level. These categories are not standardized across all laboratories, and the same raw data might be described differently in another setting. That is why the report itself is only one part of the picture.

    It is also important to know that a biopsy samples only a few cells from the outer layer of the embryo, while the inner cell mass — which can become the fetus — is not directly tested. This means a PGT result is an estimate, not a complete map of the embryo.

    Why the same result can be explained differently

    Clinics and laboratories vary in several ways that affect how a mosaic result is communicated:

    • Reporting thresholds: The percentage of abnormal cells that triggers a “mosaic” label can differ between laboratories.
    • Technology and analysis: Different platforms and software settings can influence what is detected and how it is classified.
    • Counseling approach: Some teams present mosaic results with a range of possible interpretations; others may frame them more narrowly.
    • Local practice norms: Professional guidelines and clinic policies in Thailand may differ from those in your home country.

    Because of these differences, a mosaic result from one clinic may not be directly comparable to a mosaic result from another. If you are considering a second opinion, ask whether the original laboratory data can be reviewed rather than repeating the test on a new biopsy.

    Questions to ask your clinic about the report

    Use these questions as a starting point. You may want to write them down and take notes during your appointment.

    1. Which type of PGT was performed on this embryo, and what was it looking for?
    2. How does your laboratory define and report mosaicism? Is there a percentage or a category in my report?
    3. Which chromosome or chromosomes were involved, and does that affect how you interpret the result?
    4. Was the result reviewed by a geneticist or a second analyst? Can I have a copy of the full laboratory report?
    5. How many cells were analyzed, and what is the margin of uncertainty in this result?
    6. Does this result change the recommended next step for this specific embryo compared with other embryos in my cohort?
    7. What would you tell a patient in my situation if she asked for your personal clinical view, separate from the laboratory category?

    Questions about counseling and decision-making

    Counseling should help you understand the range of possibilities, not push you toward a single choice. Consider asking:

    • Who will explain this result to me — a doctor, a genetic counselor, or both?
    • Can we schedule a dedicated counseling session rather than discussing it briefly during a monitoring visit?
    • What are the general options for an embryo with a mosaic result, and what does each option involve in practical terms?
    • What uncertainties remain even after counseling?
    • Can I take time to decide, or is there a clinical reason for urgency?
    • If I choose to transfer this embryo, what additional monitoring or testing would you recommend during pregnancy?
    • If I choose not to transfer, what are the alternatives for this embryo, and what are the rules in Thailand?

    You do not have to decide during the same appointment. It is reasonable to ask for a follow-up conversation or a written summary of what was discussed.

    What to clarify about transfer, storage, and legal categories

    Policies about embryo transfer, storage, donation, and disposal are clinic-specific and may also be shaped by Thai law and professional regulations. Because these details can change and vary between providers, confirm them directly with your clinic and, where relevant, with the appropriate authority. Ask:

    • What is your clinic’s policy on transferring embryos with a mosaic result?
    • Are there any additional consent forms or counseling requirements before a transfer of a mosaic embryo?
    • How long can this embryo be stored, and what are the costs and renewal timelines?
    • What are the options if we decide not to use this embryo — donation for research, donation to another patient, or disposal — and what does Thai law allow?
    • Can you provide this information in writing so I can review it with my partner or family?

    Preparing for a second opinion

    If you want another perspective, you can ask your current clinic to share the laboratory report and relevant clinical notes with a second provider or genetic counselor. A second opinion does not necessarily mean repeating the IVF cycle or the biopsy. In some cases, a review of the existing data is enough to clarify the interpretation.

    When seeking a second opinion, be clear about what you want: a review of the raw data, a counseling session, or a discussion of transfer options. Ask about any fees for record review or consultation, and confirm whether the second provider can communicate with your current clinic.

    Practical next-step checklist

    1. Request a copy of the full PGT laboratory report for the embryo in question.
    2. Write down your top three questions before your next appointment.
    3. Ask for a dedicated counseling session with someone qualified to explain mosaic results.
    4. Clarify your clinic’s reporting thresholds and what the mosaic category means in their laboratory.
    5. Ask about the range of options without being pressured to choose immediately.
    6. Confirm storage, consent, and legal categories in writing.
    7. Consider whether a second opinion or record review would help you feel more informed.
    8. Take notes or bring a trusted person to the appointment if that helps you remember details.

    Emotional and practical considerations

    Receiving a mosaic result can be stressful, and it is normal to feel uncertain. You may find it helpful to talk with a counselor, a patient support group, or others who have faced similar decisions. Be cautious about online forums that present definitive claims about mosaic embryos; individual experiences vary, and no single story predicts your outcome.

    If you are an international patient, also consider language barriers, time zone differences for follow-up calls, and the practicalities of staying in Thailand for additional appointments. Ask whether interpretation services are available and whether you can receive documents in your preferred language.

    Where to learn more

    For general background on PGT in Thailand, see our PGT in Thailand page. You can also browse our guides for related topics and check the FAQ for common questions about testing and coordination.

    Frequently asked questions

    Does a mosaic PGT result mean the embryo cannot be used?

    Not necessarily. A mosaic result is a laboratory category, and clinics vary in how they counsel patients about it. Some embryos with mosaic results have been transferred, but outcomes depend on many factors. Your clinic can explain its own policy and the uncertainties involved. This information is not a recommendation to transfer or not transfer.

    Can I get a second opinion on a mosaic result from a Thai clinic?

    Yes, you can ask your clinic to share the laboratory report and relevant records with another provider or genetic counselor. A second opinion may involve reviewing the existing data rather than repeating the biopsy. Ask about any fees and whether the second provider can communicate with your current clinic.

    Is mosaicism reported the same way in every laboratory?

    No. Laboratories may use different thresholds, technologies, and reporting categories. A mosaic result from one laboratory may not be directly comparable to a mosaic result from another. Ask your clinic how their laboratory defines and reports mosaicism.

    What should I ask about the legal and storage aspects of a mosaic embryo in Thailand?

    Policies on transfer, storage, donation, and disposal can vary by clinic and may be affected by Thai law. Ask your clinic for written information about their policies and confirm any legal questions with the appropriate authority. This article does not provide legal advice.

    Where can I find more general information about PGT in Thailand?

    You can start with our PGT in Thailand page, browse our guides, and check the FAQ for related topics. These resources provide general education and are not a substitute for personalized medical advice.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT-M Testing in Thailand: Eligibility Questions for International Patients

    PGT-M (preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic conditions) is a targeted test. It is usually considered when a specific inherited condition and a specific genetic change (mutation) have already been identified in the family. For international patients, eligibility is not a single yes-or-no answer. It depends on your genetic history, the laboratory’s ability to build a reliable test, and the clinic’s own policies. This guide explains the questions to ask and the steps to plan, without giving legal or medical conclusions.

    At a glance

    • PGT-M is not a general screening test; it is designed around a known familial mutation.
    • Most pathways begin with genetic counselling and a prior genetic workup, often before you contact a clinic in Thailand.
    • Eligibility is assessed case by case and clinic policies may vary.
    • You will likely need to confirm document, cost, travel and legal categories directly with the treating clinic or relevant authority.
    • PGT-M does not guarantee a pregnancy, a live birth or a child without the condition.

    What PGT-M is and what it is not

    PGT-M looks for a known, specific genetic change in embryos created through IVF. It is different from PGT-A, which looks at chromosome number, and from PGT-SR, which is used when there is a known structural chromosome rearrangement. Because PGT-M is targeted, it usually requires that the exact mutation has already been found in your family through genetic testing.

    PGT-M is not a guarantee. It cannot ensure a pregnancy, a live birth or a child unaffected by the condition. It also cannot detect every possible genetic or health issue. Results can be affected by laboratory factors, and some embryos may give an unclear result. Your clinic should explain the limits in your specific situation.

    Why a known familial mutation usually matters

    To design a PGT-M test, a laboratory generally needs to know what it is looking for. That usually means a confirmed mutation in a family member, or in you or your partner. Without that information, a laboratory may not be able to build a reliable test. In some situations, a clinic may discuss additional workup, but this is a clinical decision and not something to assume.

    If no mutation has been identified, the first step is usually genetic counselling and testing in your home country or with a genetics service. This is often called a prior genetic workup. It can take time, and it may need to be completed before a PGT-M referral can move forward.

    Common eligibility questions international patients ask

    Do I need a referral from a geneticist or doctor?

    Many clinics prefer or require a referral from a clinical geneticist, genetic counsellor or specialist who has already assessed the family condition. This helps the clinic understand the mutation and the inheritance pattern. Requirements vary, so ask the clinic what referral information they need and in what format.

    Can I start PGT-M if I have not had genetic testing?

    Usually not, because PGT-M is built around a known mutation. If you have not had genetic testing, a clinic may ask you to complete that first. In some cases, a clinic may discuss whether testing is possible, but this is a clinical and laboratory decision. Do not assume it can be arranged after you arrive.

    Does the type of inherited condition affect eligibility?

    Different conditions and different mutations can affect how a test is designed. Some may be more straightforward than others. The laboratory needs to be able to build a reliable test for your specific mutation. This is a technical assessment, and it is one reason why eligibility is case by case.

    Can both partners be carriers?

    If both partners carry a mutation for the same condition, the inheritance pattern and the testing strategy may be different. This is a clinical question for a genetic counsellor or specialist. The clinic will need to review both partners’ genetic information.

    Is PGT-M available for every inherited condition?

    No. Availability depends on the laboratory’s ability to design a test for the specific mutation and on the clinic’s policies. Some conditions may be more difficult to test for than others. Ask the clinic whether they have experience with your specific condition and mutation.

    Do clinic policies vary?

    Yes. Clinics may have different requirements for referral, prior workup, counselling, documentation and eligibility. Some may accept international patients directly; others may require a local or remote genetics consultation first. Always confirm the clinic’s own policy.

    How the referral and eligibility process often works

    The exact steps depend on your situation and the clinic. A typical sequence may look like this:

    1. Genetic counselling and testing in your home country. A clinical geneticist or genetic counsellor confirms the condition and the specific mutation.
    2. Gather your genetic documentation. This may include test reports, family history and a summary letter from your genetics team.
    3. Contact a clinic in Thailand. Ask whether they offer PGT-M for your condition and what they need to assess eligibility.
    4. Laboratory review. The clinic’s laboratory reviews whether a reliable test can be designed for your mutation.
    5. Clinical review and counselling. A specialist may discuss the inheritance pattern, the limits of PGT-M and alternatives.
    6. Decision and planning. If the pathway is possible, the clinic explains the IVF process, timelines and what to confirm before travel.

    This is a general outline, not a promise of eligibility. Some steps may be combined, repeated or not possible in your case.

    Questions to ask a clinic about PGT-M eligibility

    • Do you offer PGT-M for my specific condition and mutation?
    • What prior genetic workup do you require, and in what format?
    • Do you need a referral from a geneticist or genetic counsellor?
    • How do you assess whether a laboratory can design a test for my mutation?
    • What counselling do you provide before and after testing?
    • What are the limits of PGT-M in my situation?
    • What alternatives should I consider?
    • What documents, costs and travel arrangements should I confirm before planning?
    • What is your policy if the test cannot be designed or gives an unclear result?

    Practical planning categories to confirm

    Because requirements can change and vary by clinic, treat the following as categories to confirm directly rather than fixed rules:

    • Documents: genetic test reports, referral letters, identification and any clinic-specific forms.
    • Costs: consultation, laboratory test design, IVF cycle, PGT-M testing, medication, travel and accommodation. Ask for a written breakdown.
    • Travel and timing: how long you may need to stay, how many visits are involved and whether monitoring can be done locally.
    • Legal and regulatory: what is permitted in Thailand and in your home country, and what you need to confirm with the relevant authority.
    • Follow-up: how results are communicated, what happens to stored embryos and what support is available.

    Alternatives and limits to discuss

    PGT-M is one option among several. Depending on your situation, alternatives may include prenatal testing, accepting the natural chance of inheritance, using donor gametes, or choosing not to pursue testing. Each option has different implications, and none is right for everyone. A genetic counsellor or specialist can help you weigh them.

    PGT-M also has limits. It may not be possible for every mutation. It may not detect all genetic issues. It does not guarantee a healthy child. Some embryos may be affected, unaffected or give an unclear result. Your clinic should explain what an unclear result could mean for you.

    Next steps

    1. Speak with a genetic counsellor or clinical geneticist about your family condition and whether PGT-M is relevant.
    2. Collect your genetic test reports and a summary letter.
    3. Contact clinics in Thailand to ask about PGT-M eligibility for your specific mutation.
    4. Ask for written information about documents, costs, timelines and limits.
    5. Confirm legal and travel requirements with the relevant authority and the clinic.
    6. Take time to consider alternatives and make a decision that fits your values.

    For more general information, see our international patients page, our PGT in Thailand guide, the guides section and the FAQ.

    Frequently asked questions

    Can I get PGT-M in Thailand without a known mutation in my family?

    PGT-M is usually designed around a known, specific mutation. Without that information, a laboratory may not be able to build a reliable test. Some clinics may discuss additional workup, but this is a clinical decision. It is best to speak with a genetic counsellor or specialist first.

    Do I need a referral from a geneticist to start PGT-M in Thailand?

    Many clinics prefer or require a referral from a clinical geneticist, genetic counsellor or specialist. Requirements vary by clinic. Ask the clinic what referral information they need and in what format before you plan.

    Is PGT-M available for all inherited conditions?

    No. Availability depends on whether a laboratory can design a reliable test for your specific mutation and on the clinic's policies. Some conditions may be more difficult to test for than others. Confirm with the clinic whether they have experience with your condition.

    Does PGT-M guarantee a healthy baby?

    No. PGT-M cannot guarantee a pregnancy, a live birth or a child without the condition. It also cannot detect every possible genetic or health issue. Your clinic should explain the limits and what results may mean in your situation.

    What should I confirm with a clinic before travelling to Thailand for PGT-M?

    Confirm the clinic's eligibility policy, required documents, costs, expected timeline, travel arrangements and legal considerations. Ask for a written breakdown and clarify what happens if the test cannot be designed or gives an unclear result.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT-A Testing in Thailand: Who May Benefit and What It Cannot Tell You

    PGT-A (preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy) is a laboratory test performed on a small sample of cells from an embryo created through IVF. It counts chromosomes to identify embryos with an abnormal number, such as an extra or missing chromosome. It does not diagnose a specific disease, measure embryo quality, or guarantee a pregnancy. In Thailand, as elsewhere, PGT-A is one option your fertility team may discuss, not a required step for every IVF cycle.

    At a glance

    • PGT-A screens for chromosome number, not for gene mutations or structural rearrangements.
    • It is usually considered when the chance of chromosome errors is higher, but individual suitability is a clinical judgment.
    • A “normal” result does not guarantee a healthy pregnancy or baby.
    • An “abnormal” result does not always mean the embryo could never produce a pregnancy, but it does change the information available.
    • Costs, timelines, and legal or documentation requirements vary and should be confirmed directly with your clinic and relevant authorities.

    What PGT-A actually screens

    PGT-A looks at the number of chromosomes in the embryo. Human embryos should have 46 chromosomes, arranged in 23 pairs. An embryo with an extra or missing chromosome is called aneuploid. Aneuploidy becomes more common with increasing maternal age, but it can occur at any age.

    The test is typically done on a few cells removed from the trophectoderm, the outer layer of a blastocyst-stage embryo. The embryo itself is not changed by the biopsy. Results are reported as euploid (normal chromosome number), aneuploid (abnormal chromosome number), or sometimes mosaic (a mix of normal and abnormal cells). Some clinics also report a result as inconclusive, meaning the sample did not give a clear answer.

    PGT-A does not look for single-gene disorders such as cystic fibrosis or Huntington’s disease. It does not look for structural chromosome rearrangements such as translocations. Those are addressed by different tests: PGT-M for monogenic disorders and PGT-SR for structural rearrangements. If you are considering PGT-A, it is worth asking your clinic which test is relevant to your situation.

    Who may be offered PGT-A

    PGT-A is not automatically recommended for everyone. Guidelines from professional fertility societies generally suggest it may be considered in specific circumstances, but they do not mandate it as a routine add-on for all IVF cycles. Your fertility specialist can explain whether it is likely to add useful information in your case.

    Situations where PGT-A may be discussed include:

    • Advanced maternal age. The chance of aneuploidy increases with age, so some clinics offer PGT-A to help select embryos for transfer.
    • Recurrent pregnancy loss. If you have had multiple miscarriages, your doctor may suggest PGT-A as part of an evaluation, though it does not explain all causes of loss.
    • Repeated implantation failure. When several IVF transfers have not led to a pregnancy, PGT-A may be considered, but evidence for its benefit in this situation is not uniform.
    • Previous pregnancy with a chromosome abnormality. A prior aneuploid pregnancy may prompt a discussion about screening future embryos.
    • Patient preference after counseling. Some people choose PGT-A to gain more information before transfer, even without a specific risk factor.

    PGT-A is not a substitute for standard prenatal testing. It cannot replace ultrasound, blood tests, or diagnostic procedures during pregnancy. It also does not improve the quality of an embryo; it only provides information about chromosome number.

    What PGT-A cannot tell you

    Understanding the limits of PGT-A is as important as understanding its purpose. The test has several important limitations.

    • It does not guarantee a pregnancy. A euploid embryo may still fail to implant or may result in a miscarriage for reasons unrelated to chromosome number.
    • It does not guarantee a healthy baby. Many health conditions are caused by factors other than chromosome number, including gene mutations, environmental influences, and events during pregnancy.
    • It does not detect all chromosome problems. Some small deletions or duplications, and some structural rearrangements, may not be seen with standard PGT-A.
    • It can produce mosaic results. A mosaic result means the biopsy found a mix of cells with different chromosome numbers. The meaning of mosaicism is still an area of active research, and counseling can be complex.
    • It can be inconclusive. Sometimes the sample does not yield enough DNA for a clear result.
    • It does not measure embryo potential beyond chromosome number. Two embryos with the same chromosome result can have different developmental potential for reasons not captured by the test.

    Because of these limits, PGT-A is best understood as one piece of information among many. It does not replace a thorough fertility evaluation or a discussion of all available options.

    PGT-A compared with PGT-M and PGT-SR

    PGT-A is part of a family of preimplantation genetic tests. Each has a different purpose.

    Test What it looks for Typical situation
    PGT-A Extra or missing chromosomes (aneuploidy) Advanced maternal age, recurrent loss, repeated implantation failure, or patient preference
    PGT-M Specific single-gene disorders Known inherited condition in the family
    PGT-SR Structural chromosome rearrangements Known translocation or similar rearrangement

    If you have a known genetic condition in your family, PGT-M may be more relevant than PGT-A. If you carry a balanced translocation, PGT-SR may be discussed. Your clinic can help determine which test, if any, fits your situation.

    Alternatives and additional considerations

    PGT-A is not the only way to approach embryo selection. Some people choose to transfer embryos without PGT-A and rely on standard embryo grading, which looks at appearance under a microscope. Others may consider transferring a mosaic embryo after counseling, as some mosaic embryos can lead to healthy births. These decisions are highly individual and should be made with your fertility team.

    It is also important to consider the practical aspects. PGT-A adds cost, requires embryo biopsy and freezing, and may extend the time to transfer. Not all embryos survive biopsy or thawing. These are not reasons to avoid PGT-A, but they are factors to weigh.

    Questions to ask your clinic

    If you are considering PGT-A in Thailand, asking clear questions can help you make an informed decision. Consider asking:

    • What is the specific reason PGT-A is being recommended in my case?
    • What are the alternatives, and what are their trade-offs?
    • How does your laboratory handle mosaic or inconclusive results?
    • What are the costs, including biopsy, testing, and embryo storage?
    • What are the success rates for my age group and diagnosis at your clinic?
    • What paperwork or legal requirements apply to me as an international patient?
    • What happens to embryos that are not transferred?

    These questions can help you understand the clinical and practical picture. They are not a substitute for personalized medical advice.

    Next steps

    If you are researching PGT-A, start by clarifying your own priorities and medical history. Gather any relevant records, such as previous IVF cycles, miscarriage history, or genetic test results. Then schedule a consultation with a fertility specialist who can review your situation and explain whether PGT-A is likely to be useful for you. You can also read more about PGT in Thailand and explore our guides for related topics. If you have general questions, our FAQ may help.

    Remember that PGT-A is a tool, not a promise. It can provide useful information, but it cannot guarantee an outcome. A thoughtful discussion with your clinic is the best way to decide whether it fits your path.

    Frequently asked questions

    Does PGT-A guarantee a healthy baby?

    No. PGT-A screens for chromosome number, but it cannot detect all genetic or health conditions. Many factors affect pregnancy and child health, and a euploid result does not guarantee a healthy baby.

    Who is a candidate for PGT-A?

    PGT-A may be discussed for people with advanced maternal age, recurrent pregnancy loss, repeated implantation failure, or a previous aneuploid pregnancy. Some people also choose it without specific risk factors. Suitability is a clinical judgment, so talk with your fertility specialist.

    What is the difference between PGT-A, PGT-M, and PGT-SR?

    PGT-A looks at chromosome number (aneuploidy). PGT-M looks for specific single-gene disorders. PGT-SR looks for structural chromosome rearrangements. Your clinic can help determine which test, if any, is relevant for you.

    Can PGT-A detect all chromosome abnormalities?

    No. PGT-A detects extra or missing whole chromosomes, but it may not detect small deletions or duplications, and some structural rearrangements may be missed. It also cannot detect gene mutations.

    What does a mosaic PGT-A result mean?

    A mosaic result means the biopsy found a mix of cells with different chromosome numbers. The implications are complex and still being studied. Your clinic can explain what a mosaic result might mean for your specific situation.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT-A Testing Cost in Thailand: How to Read a Quotation as an International Patient

    If you are comparing PGT-A quotations from clinics in Thailand, the headline number is rarely the full story. A quotation may cover the genetic laboratory fee but not the embryo biopsy, or it may include a set number of embryos and charge separately for additional ones. Because PGT-A is usually part of an IVF cycle, the quotation may also sit alongside IVF fees, medication, monitoring, and storage. This guide explains the categories that commonly appear in a PGT-A quotation, the boundaries that are often left unstated, and the questions that help you compare quotes on equal terms. It does not provide prices, because those depend on the clinic, the laboratory, and your individual treatment plan.

    At a glance

    • PGT-A is a laboratory test performed on embryos created during IVF, so its cost is usually quoted alongside IVF costs, not instead of them.
    • A quotation may separate the biopsy procedure, the genetic laboratory analysis, and any embryo storage or re-biopsy fees.
    • Some quotes are per embryo, some are per cycle, and some combine both. Ask which model applies.
    • Written boundaries matter more than a single total, because they show what would trigger an additional charge.
    • Cost is only one part of the decision. Ask how results are reported, what happens if no embryo is suitable for testing, and how the clinic communicates with patients abroad.

    Why a PGT-A quotation is not a single price

    PGT-A, or preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, is a screening test that examines the number of chromosomes in an embryo. It is not a treatment on its own. It is performed in a laboratory after embryos have been created through IVF and usually after they have reached a certain stage of development. Because of this, the cost of PGT-A is layered on top of the IVF cycle rather than replacing any part of it.

    For international patients, this layering is where confusion often starts. A clinic may present one figure for the IVF cycle and another for PGT-A, or it may present a package that combines several services. Neither approach is wrong, but they are not directly comparable unless you know what each figure covers. The useful question is not only “How much is PGT-A?” but “What exactly is included in this quotation, and what would cause the cost to change?”

    Common cost components in a PGT-A quotation

    The exact structure varies by clinic and laboratory. The categories below are the ones most often separated in quotations, and they are the ones worth checking line by line.

    Embryo biopsy

    Before the genetic laboratory can analyse an embryo, a small sample of cells must be removed. This is the biopsy. In some quotations the biopsy is included in the PGT-A fee; in others it is billed as a separate procedure. It may also be charged per embryo, which means the total depends on how many embryos are suitable for biopsy. Ask whether the biopsy fee is included, and whether it is charged per embryo or per cycle.

    Genetic laboratory analysis

    This is the part most people think of as “the PGT-A test.” It covers the laboratory work that examines the biopsy sample and produces a result. The fee may be quoted per embryo, per batch of embryos, or as a flat fee for the cycle. If the quotation is per embryo, ask what happens if more embryos are available than expected, or fewer.

    Embryo storage

    Embryos that are biopsied are usually frozen while waiting for results, and they may remain in storage afterwards. Storage is often billed separately and may be charged monthly, annually, or for an initial period. Ask when storage begins, how it is billed, and what happens if you need to continue storage longer than the initial period.

    Re-biopsy or repeat testing

    Occasionally a sample may not give a clear result, and the clinic may discuss whether a repeat biopsy or repeat analysis is possible. This is not a routine part of every cycle, but it is a boundary worth clarifying in advance. Ask whether a repeat test would be charged again, and under what circumstances.

    IVF cycle costs that sit alongside PGT-A

    PGT-A does not replace the IVF cycle. Monitoring, egg retrieval, laboratory fertilisation, medication, and embryo freezing may all be quoted separately. If you are comparing PGT-A quotations, make sure you are also comparing the IVF quotation, because a lower PGT-A figure may sit next to a higher IVF figure, or vice versa.

    What a quotation may leave out

    Quotations are usually written for a typical pathway, and real cycles do not always follow the typical pathway. The following items are commonly excluded or only partly covered. They are not hidden fees in every case, but they are the questions that most often change the final amount.

    • Number of embryos tested. If the quote is per embryo, the total depends on how many embryos are available and suitable for biopsy.
    • Medication. Fertility medication is often quoted separately and can vary with your response to treatment.
    • Additional monitoring or visits. Extra scans, blood tests, or consultations may be billed individually.
    • Storage beyond an initial period. Storage is often time-limited in the quotation.
    • Shipping or transport of samples. If samples are sent to an external laboratory, transport may be a separate line.
    • Administrative or coordination fees. Some clinics charge for international patient coordination, translation, or records handling.
    • Travel, accommodation, and living costs. These are rarely included in a medical quotation but are part of your overall budget.

    How to compare quotations fairly

    Comparing quotations is easier when you use the same criteria for each one. The table below lists the questions that turn a headline figure into a comparable set of boundaries. It does not contain prices, because those must come from the clinic in writing.

    Question Why it matters
    Is the PGT-A fee per embryo or per cycle? Determines how the total changes with the number of embryos.
    Is the biopsy included? Biopsy may be billed separately or per embryo.
    Is embryo storage included, and for how long? Storage often continues after the test and may be billed over time.
    What happens if a sample needs to be repeated? Clarifies whether a repeat test would be charged again.
    Are IVF, medication, and monitoring included? PGT-A sits alongside IVF costs, not instead of them.
    Are there administrative or coordination fees? International patient services may be billed separately.
    How and when will results be communicated? Affects planning and follow-up, even if it is not a cost line.

    Questions to ask a clinic before you commit

    These questions are designed to produce written answers you can compare. Ask for them in writing, and keep the replies with your quotation.

    1. Can you send a written quotation that separates the IVF cycle, the PGT-A laboratory fee, the biopsy, and storage?
    2. Is the PGT-A fee charged per embryo, per cycle, or in another way?
    3. What is the maximum number of embryos covered by the quotation, if any?
    4. What would cause the quotation to increase, and how would I be told before the increase happens?
    5. Is embryo storage included, and if so, for how long and at what point does it renew?
    6. If a sample cannot be analysed, what are the options and would there be an additional charge?
    7. Which costs are paid to the clinic and which, if any, are paid to an external laboratory?
    8. What is your process for communicating results and next steps to patients who are not in Thailand?
    9. Are there any administrative, coordination, or records fees for international patients?
    10. What is your cancellation and refund policy if the cycle changes or is stopped?

    Planning your budget beyond the quotation

    A PGT-A quotation is one part of a larger budget. International patients usually also plan for flights, accommodation, local transport, meals, and time away from work. Some clinics may ask for a deposit before treatment starts, and payment schedules can vary. Ask how and when payments are due, what currency is used, and whether any bank or transfer fees apply. These are practical boundaries that affect your total outlay even though they are not medical fees.

    It is also worth asking how the clinic handles communication while you are abroad. A clear point of contact, a written summary of your plan, and an agreed way to share results can reduce uncertainty. These are not cost items, but they are part of comparing clinics as a whole.

    What PGT-A can and cannot tell you

    PGT-A is a screening test. It provides information about the number of chromosomes in the cells sampled, and it is used to help decide which embryos may be considered for transfer. It does not guarantee a pregnancy, a live birth, or a healthy child, and it does not test for every possible genetic condition. A clinic should explain the limitations of the test, what a result can and cannot show, and how the result fits into your wider treatment plan. If a quotation is presented as a guarantee of an outcome, that is a reason to ask more questions rather than fewer.

    Next steps

    Start by requesting written quotations from the clinics you are considering, using the same list of questions for each. Compare the boundaries, not just the totals. If a quotation is unclear, ask for it to be rewritten with the inclusions and exclusions stated separately. You can read more about the wider cost picture in our guide to PGT-A cost in Thailand and our overview of IVF cost in Thailand. For general planning tools and background reading, see our patient resources, and if you would like help organising your questions, you can contact us.

    Frequently asked questions

    Does a PGT-A quotation in Thailand usually include the embryo biopsy?

    It varies. Some clinics include the biopsy in the PGT-A fee, while others bill it separately or per embryo. Ask for the quotation to state clearly whether the biopsy is included, and whether it is charged per embryo or per cycle.

    Is PGT-A charged per embryo or per cycle?

    Both models exist. A per-embryo fee means the total depends on how many embryos are available and suitable for testing. A per-cycle fee is a single charge for the cycle. Ask which model applies and what happens if the number of embryos differs from what was expected.

    What costs might appear in addition to the PGT-A fee?

    Common additions include IVF cycle costs, medication, monitoring, embryo storage, administrative or coordination fees, and travel. The exact list depends on the clinic. Ask for a written quotation that separates each category so you can see what is included.

    Can I get a fixed total price for PGT-A before I start?

    Some clinics may offer a package, but many quotations are estimates because the number of embryos and your response to treatment can vary. Ask what would cause the quotation to change and how you would be informed before any additional charge is made.

    What should I do if a quotation is unclear?

    Ask the clinic to rewrite it with inclusions and exclusions stated separately. Use the same questions for each clinic you contact so you can compare like with like. Keep all written replies with your quotation for reference.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.

  • PGT for Family Balancing in Thailand: What International Patients Should Know

    PGT for family balancing in Thailand is a topic where policy, clinical practice, and patient expectations meet. In simple terms, preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) can include analysis of sex chromosomes, and some international patients ask whether this can be used to influence the sex of a future child. Thailand has its own legal and regulatory framework for assisted reproduction, and individual clinics also set their own policies. Because rules and clinic practices can change, the most reliable approach is to confirm current requirements directly with the treating clinic and, where needed, with the relevant Thai authority. This article explains the key distinctions, uncertainties, and questions to ask so you can plan responsibly.

    At a glance

    • PGT is a laboratory test on embryos during IVF; it can include sex chromosome information.
    • Family balancing generally means trying to have a child of a particular sex for family composition reasons.
    • Thailand regulates assisted reproduction, but specific rules and clinic policies may vary and can change.
    • International patients should confirm eligibility, documentation, and legal requirements before traveling.
    • No outcome is guaranteed; PGT cannot ensure a pregnancy, a live birth, or a child of a specific sex.

    What is PGT and how does it relate to family balancing?

    Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) is an optional laboratory step during in vitro fertilization (IVF). A small number of cells are removed from an embryo and tested. PGT can be used for different purposes, such as screening for chromosomal abnormalities or testing for a specific inherited condition. Some forms of PGT also report the sex chromosomes of the embryo.

    Family balancing, sometimes called sex selection for family composition, is when patients hope to have a child of a particular sex because they already have children of one sex or for other personal reasons. When PGT includes sex chromosome information, it may be possible to identify embryos with XX or XY chromosomes. However, this is a medical procedure with limitations, and it is not available for every patient or in every clinic.

    Is PGT for family balancing legal in Thailand?

    Thailand has laws and regulations that govern assisted reproductive technology. These rules address several aspects of IVF and PGT, including who may access treatment and under what conditions. The legal status of using PGT specifically for family balancing is a matter that depends on how the law is interpreted and applied, and it may also be affected by clinic policy.

    Because legal and regulatory details can change, this article cannot state a definitive legal conclusion. Instead, you should treat this as a question to confirm with the clinic you are considering and, if necessary, with a qualified Thai legal professional or the relevant health authority. Do not rely on outdated forum posts or general websites for legal advice.

    What do clinics in Thailand typically require?

    Clinics in Thailand that offer PGT for international patients usually have their own internal policies. These policies may cover:

    • Whether the clinic offers PGT for family balancing at all.
    • What medical or non-medical criteria patients must meet.
    • What documents are required, such as passports, marriage certificates, or medical records.
    • Whether counseling is mandatory before proceeding.
    • How the clinic interprets Thai law and professional guidelines.

    Because these requirements are clinic-specific and can change, you should ask directly. A clinic may decline to offer family balancing even if it offers PGT for other reasons. It is also possible that a clinic will offer PGT for medical reasons but not for family balancing.

    Key distinctions: medical PGT vs. family balancing

    It helps to separate two ideas that are sometimes mixed together:

    • Medical PGT: Testing embryos for chromosomal abnormalities or specific genetic conditions to help reduce the risk of passing on a serious inherited disease or to improve IVF outcomes. In some cases, sex chromosome information is a byproduct of the test.
    • Family balancing: Using PGT specifically to choose the sex of an embryo for non-medical reasons. This is the area where legal and ethical questions are most prominent.

    Some countries permit medical PGT but restrict or prohibit family balancing. Thailand’s approach may differ, and clinic policies may be stricter than the law. Always ask which category your request falls into and what the clinic’s policy is.

    What international patients should confirm before planning

    If you are considering PGT for family balancing in Thailand, use the following checklist as a starting point. Treat each item as a question to confirm, not as a guarantee.

    1. Legal and regulatory status: Ask the clinic how it interprets current Thai law and whether family balancing is permitted under its license.
    2. Clinic policy: Confirm whether the clinic offers PGT for family balancing and what its specific conditions are.
    3. Eligibility criteria: Ask about any age, medical, or family history requirements.
    4. Required documents: Ask what identification, marriage, or medical records you need to provide.
    5. Counseling: Ask whether genetic counseling or psychological counseling is required or recommended.
    6. Costs: Request a written breakdown of all fees, including IVF, PGT, medications, monitoring, and any additional charges. Do not rely on verbal estimates.
    7. Travel and logistics: Ask how many days you need to stay, how many clinic visits are required, and whether any steps can be done in your home country.
    8. Success and limitations: Ask about the clinic’s general IVF success rates, but understand that no clinic can guarantee a specific outcome or a child of a particular sex.
    9. Follow-up: Ask what happens after treatment, including any follow-up testing or support.

    Questions to ask a clinic about PGT and family balancing

    When you contact a clinic, consider asking these questions in writing so you have a record of the answers:

    • Does your clinic offer PGT for family balancing? If so, under what conditions?
    • What is your understanding of the current Thai legal position on this?
    • What documents do I need to provide as an international patient?
    • Is counseling required before PGT?
    • What are the costs, and what do they include?
    • What are the limitations and risks of PGT?
    • Can you provide a treatment timeline that includes travel and monitoring?
    • What happens if no embryos are suitable for transfer?

    Uncertainty and limitations

    PGT is a medical procedure with technical limitations. It cannot guarantee that an embryo will implant, that a pregnancy will continue, or that a child will be born healthy. It also cannot guarantee that you will have embryos of a particular sex available for transfer. The number of embryos available depends on many factors, including your age, ovarian response, and sperm quality.

    In addition, legal and clinic policies can change. A clinic that offers family balancing today may change its policy later. Always confirm current rules before making travel or financial commitments.

    Next steps

    If you are researching PGT for family balancing in Thailand, start by clarifying your own priorities and questions. Then contact clinics directly to ask about their policies and requirements. You may also want to consult a legal professional who understands Thai assisted reproduction law. For more general information about PGT in Thailand, see our PGT in Thailand page. You can also browse our FAQ and guides for related topics. When you are ready to discuss your situation, you can contact us for guidance on next steps.

    Frequently asked questions

    Is PGT for family balancing legal in Thailand?

    Thailand regulates assisted reproduction, but the specific legal status of using PGT for family balancing depends on how the law is interpreted and applied. Clinic policies may also be stricter than the law. Because rules can change, you should confirm the current position directly with the clinic you are considering and, if needed, with a qualified Thai legal professional or the relevant health authority. This article cannot provide a definitive legal conclusion.

    What is the difference between medical PGT and family balancing?

    Medical PGT is used to test embryos for chromosomal abnormalities or specific inherited conditions, often to reduce the risk of serious genetic disease or to improve IVF outcomes. Family balancing is when PGT is used specifically to choose the sex of an embryo for non-medical reasons. Some countries allow medical PGT but restrict family balancing. Clinics may have different policies for each.

    What should I ask a clinic in Thailand about PGT for family balancing?

    Ask whether the clinic offers PGT for family balancing and under what conditions. Confirm the current Thai legal position as the clinic understands it. Ask about eligibility criteria, required documents, mandatory counseling, costs, treatment timelines, and what happens if no suitable embryos are available. Get answers in writing so you have a record.

    Can PGT guarantee a baby of a specific sex?

    No. PGT can provide information about an embryo's sex chromosomes, but it cannot guarantee that you will have embryos of a particular sex available for transfer, that an embryo will implant, that a pregnancy will continue, or that a child will be born. Many factors affect the number and quality of embryos, and no clinic can guarantee a specific outcome.

    Do I need to be married to have PGT for family balancing in Thailand?

    Document requirements, including whether marriage certificates are required, are clinic-specific and may also be affected by Thai law. You should ask the clinic directly what documents you need to provide as an international patient. Requirements can change, so confirm before you travel.

    Continue your research

    Medical information notice: This article is educational and does not replace individual assessment, diagnosis, genetic counselling or treatment advice from a licensed clinician. Provider services, availability, fees and policies should be verified directly before booking.